I think I am at least somewhat more productive than average, and people sometimes ask me for productivity tips. So I decided to just write them all down in one place.
我觉得我是 至少比平均水平高一些，人们有时会问我 生产力提示。 所以我决定把它们全部写在一个地方。
Compound growth gets discussed as a financial concept, but it works in careers as well, and it is magic. A small productivity gain, compounded over 50 years, is worth a lot. So it’s worth figuring out how to optimize productivity. If you get 10% more done and 1% better every day compared to someone else, the compounded difference is massive.
化合物 增长作为一个财务概念被讨论，但它也适用于职业， 这很神奇。 小生产力 50 年的复合收益，价值不菲。 因此，有必要弄清楚如何优化生产力。 如果你得到 10% 与其他人相比，每天做得更多，进步 1%，复合 差异是巨大的。
What you work on
你在做什么
It doesn’t matter how fast you move if it’s in a worthless direction. Picking the right thing to work on is the most important element of productivity and usually almost ignored. So think about it more! Independent thought is hard but it’s something you can get better at with practice.
它没有 如果它朝着毫无价值的方向移动，那么无论你移动多快。 选择正确的工作是 生产力最重要的要素，通常几乎被忽略。 所以多想想吧！ 独立思考很难，但它是 一些你可以通过练习变得更好的东西。
The most impressive people I know have strong beliefs about the world, which is rare in the general population. If you find yourself always agreeing with whomever you last spoke with, that’s bad. You will of course be wrong sometimes, but develop the confidence to stick with your convictions. It will let you be courageous when you’re right about something important that most people don’t see.
最多 我认识的令人印象深刻的人对世界有强烈的信念，这在 一般人口。 如果你发现自己总是同意任何人的意见 你上次谈过，那很糟糕。 你 当然有时会出错，但要培养坚持下去的信心 你的信念。 它会让你成为 当您在大多数人都没有的重要事情上是正确的时，您会很勇敢 看。
I make sure to leave enough time in my schedule to think about what to work on. The best ways for me to do this are reading books, hanging out with interesting people, and spending time in nature.
我确保 在我的日程安排中留出足够的时间来考虑要做什么。 最好的 我做到这一点的方法是读书，和有趣的人一起出去玩， 和花时间在大自然中。
I’ve learned that I can’t be very productive working on things I don’t care about or don’t like. So I just try not to put myself in a position where I have to do them (by delegating, avoiding, or something else). Stuff that you don’t like is a painful drag on morale and momentum.
我学过 在我不关心或不关心的事情上我不能很有成效地工作 喜欢。 所以我只是尽量不让自己处于必须做的位置 他们（通过委派、回避或其他方式）。 你不会的东西 喜欢是对士气和动力的痛苦拖累。
By the way, here is an important lesson about delegation: remember that everyone else is also most productive when they’re doing what they like, and do what you’d want other people to do for you—try to figure out who likes (and is good at) doing what, and delegate that way.
顺便一提， 这是关于委派的一个重要教训：记住其他人也是 当他们做他们喜欢做的事并且做你希望其他人做的事时，他们的工作效率最高 为你做的人——试着弄清楚谁喜欢（并且擅长）做什么， 并以这种方式委托。
If you find yourself not liking what you’re doing for a long period of time, seriously consider a major job change. Short-term burnout happens, but if it isn’t resolved with some time off, maybe it’s time to do something you’re more interested in.
如果你发现 你自己很长一段时间都不喜欢你正在做的事情，说真的 考虑重大的工作变动。 短期倦怠会发生，但如果不是 休息一段时间解决，也许是时候做一些你更喜欢的事情了 有兴趣。
I’ve been very fortunate to find work I like so much I’d do it for free, which makes it easy to be really productive.
我一直很 幸运地找到了我非常喜欢的工作，我愿意免费做，这很容易 真正富有成效。
It’s important to learn that you can learn anything you want, and that you can get better quickly. This feels like an unlikely miracle the first few times it happens, but eventually you learn to trust that you can do it.
这一点很重要 了解你可以学到任何你想学的东西，并且你可以变得更好 迅速地。 前几次这感觉像是一个不太可能的奇迹 发生了，但最终你学会相信你能做到。
Doing great work usually requires colleagues of some sort. Try to be around smart, productive, happy, and positive people that don’t belittle your ambitions. I love being around people who push me and inspire me to be better. To the degree you able to, avoid the opposite kind of people—the cost of letting them take up your mental cycles is horrific.
做的很好 工作通常需要某种同事。 试着聪明地待在身边， 富有成效、快乐和积极的人不会贬低你的抱负。 我喜欢和那些推动我的人在一起 激励我变得更好。 程度 你可以，避开相反类型的人——让他们占据的代价 你的心理周期太可怕了。
You have to both pick the right problem and do the work. There aren’t many shortcuts. If you’re going to do something really important, you are very likely going to work both smart and hard. The biggest prizes are heavily competed for. This isn’t true in every field (there are great mathematicians who never spend that many hours a week working) but it is in most.
你必须 两者都选择正确的问题并完成工作。 没有很多 捷径。 如果你要做 一些非常重要的事情，你很可能会既聪明又聪明地工作 难的。 最大的奖项竞争激烈。 并非在每个领域都是如此（有 伟大的数学家从来没有每周花那么多小时工作）但它是 多数情况。
Prioritization
优先顺序
My system has three key pillars: “Make sure to get the important shit done”, “Don’t waste time on stupid shit”, and “make a lot of lists”.
我的系统有 三个关键支柱：“确保完成重要的事情”，“不要浪费 愚蠢的狗屎时间”，以及“列出很多清单”。
I highly recommend using lists. I make lists of what I want to accomplish each year, each month, and each day. Lists are very focusing, and they help me with multitasking because I don’t have to keep as much in my head. If I’m not in the mood for some particular task, I can always find something else I’m excited to do.
我高度 建议使用列表。 我列出了我想要完成的每一个 年、月、日。 清单非常有针对性，对我有帮助 多任务处理，因为我不必在脑子里想那么多。 如果我没有心情做某事 任务，我总能找到其他让我兴奋的事情。
I prefer lists written down on paper. It’s easy to add and remove tasks. I can access them during meetings without feeling rude. I re-transcribe lists frequently, which forces me to think about everything on the list and gives me an opportunity to add and remove items.
我更喜欢列表 写在纸上。 很容易添加 并删除任务。 我可以访问它们 在会议期间不会感到粗鲁。 我 经常重新抄录列表，这迫使我考虑列表中的所有内容 列出并让我有机会添加和删除项目。
I don’t bother with categorization or trying to size tasks or anything like that (the most I do is put a star next to really important items).
我不打扰 通过分类或尝试确定任务的大小或类似的东西（我最多 做的是在真正重要的项目旁边放一个星号）。
I try to prioritize in a way that generates momentum. The more I get done, the better I feel, and then the more I get done. I like to start and end each day with something I can really make progress on.
我试着 以产生动力的方式确定优先顺序。 我做得越多， 我感觉越好，然后我就做得越多。 我喜欢以我真正能做的事情开始和结束每一天 进展。
I am relentless about getting my most important projects done—I’ve found that if I really want something to happen and I push hard enough, it usually happens.
我是 坚持不懈地完成我最重要的项目——我发现如果我 真的很想发生什么事，而且我足够努力，它通常会发生。
I try to be ruthless about saying no to stuff, and doing non-critical things in the quickest way possible. I probably take this too far—for example, I am almost sure I am terse to the point of rudeness when replying to emails.
我努力成为 无情地对事情说不，并且在工作中做非关键的事情 最快的方法。 我可能太过分了——例如，我 几乎可以肯定，我在回复电子邮件时会简洁到粗鲁的地步。
I generally try to avoid meetings and conferences as I find the time cost to be huge—I get the most value out of time in my office. However, it is critical that you keep enough space in your schedule to allow for chance encounters and exposure to new people and ideas. Having an open network is valuable; though probably 90% of the random meetings I take are a waste of time, the other 10% really make up for it.
我一般 尽量避免开会和会议，因为我发现时间成本很高——我得到 在我办公室最有价值的时间。 然而，重要的是你 在您的日程安排中留出足够的空间，以便有机会偶遇和接触 新的人和想法。 拥有一个开放的网络是有价值的； 尽管 大概 90% 的随机会议都是浪费时间，其他 10% 真的弥补了。
I find most meetings are best scheduled for 15-20 minutes, or 2 hours. The default of 1 hour is usually wrong, and leads to a lot of wasted time.
我发现大多数会议最好安排在 15-20 分钟或 2 小时内。 默认的 1 小时通常是错误的，会导致大量时间浪费。
I have different times of day I try to use for different kinds of work. The first few hours of the morning are definitely my most productive time of the day, so I don’t let anyone schedule anything then. I try to do meetings in the afternoon. I take a break, or switch tasks, whenever I feel my attention starting to fade.
我有 我尝试在一天中的不同时间用于不同类型的工作。 这 早上的前几个小时绝对是我最有效率的时间 那天，所以我不会让任何人安排任何事情。 我试着开会 下午。 我休息一下，或者 切换任务，每当我觉得我的注意力开始消退时。
I don’t think most people value their time enough—I am surprised by the number of people I know who make $100 an hour and yet will spend a couple of hours doing something they don’t want to do to save $20.
我不认为 大多数人都非常珍惜他们的时间——我很惊讶我能 知道谁每小时赚 100 美元，但会花几个小时做某事 他们不想为了节省 20 美元而做。
Also, don’t fall into the trap of productivity porn—chasing productivity for its own sake isn’t helpful. Many people spend too much time thinking about how to perfectly optimize their system, and not nearly enough asking if they’re working on the right problems. It doesn’t matter what system you use or if you squeeze out every second if you’re working on the wrong thing.
还有，不要 陷入生产力色情的陷阱——为了自身的利益而追求生产力 没有帮助。 很多人花太多时间思考如何完美 优化他们的系统，并不足以询问他们是否正在研究 正确的问题。 无论您使用什么系统或是否挤压都没有关系 如果你在做错误的事情，每秒都会出错。
The right goal is to allocate your year optimally, not your day.
正确的目标 是最佳地分配你的一年，而不是你的一天。
Physical factors
物理因素
Very likely what is optimal for me won’t be optimal for you. You’ll have to experiment to find out what works best for your body. It’s definitely worth doing—it helps in all aspects of life, and you’ll feel a lot better and happier overall.
很可能 对我来说最佳的东西对你来说不一定是最佳的。 你必须 尝试找出最适合您身体的方法。 这绝对值得一做——它对所有方面都有帮助 生活的各个方面，你会感觉更好，更快乐。
It probably took a little bit of my time every week for a few years to arrive at what works best for me, but my sense is if I do a good job at all the below I’m at least 1.5x more productive than if not.
大概是 几年来我每周花一点时间来找到有效的方法 最适合我，但我的感觉是，如果我在以下所有方面都做得很好，我至少 1.5 倍的生产力比没有。
Sleep seems to be the most important physical factor in productivity for me. Some sort of sleep tracker to figure out how to sleep best is helpful. I’ve found the only thing I’m consistent with are in the set-it-and-forget-it category, and I really like the Emfit QS+Active.
睡眠似乎 对我来说是生产力中最重要的物理因素。 某种 了解如何睡得最好的睡眠追踪器很有帮助。 我找到了唯一 我坚持的东西属于一劳永逸的类别，而且我 非常喜欢 Emfit QS+Active 。
I like a cold, dark, quiet room, and a great mattress (I resisted spending a bunch of money on a great mattress for years, which was stupid—it makes a huge difference to my sleep quality. I love this one). Not eating a lot in the few hours before sleep helps. Not drinking alcohol helps a lot, though I’m not willing to do that all the time.
我喜欢感冒， 黑暗、安静的房间和一张很棒的床垫（我拒绝花一大笔钱买 多年来一直是一个很棒的床垫，这很愚蠢——它对我的生活产生了巨大的影响 睡眠质量。 我喜欢 这个 ）。 睡前几个小时不要吃太多东西 帮助。 不过，不喝酒有很大帮助 我不愿意一直这样做。
I use a Chili Pad to be cold while I sleep if I can’t get the room cold enough, which is great but loud (I set it up to have the cooler unit outside my room).
我用 辣椒 是 如果我不能让房间足够冷，我睡觉时垫上冷垫，这 很棒但声音很大（我将其设置为在我的房间外放置冷却器）。
When traveling, I use an eye mask and ear plugs.
This is likely to be controversial, but I take a low dose of sleeping pills (like a third of a normal dose) or a very low dose of cannabis whenever I can’t sleep. I am a bad sleeper in general, and a particularly bad sleeper when I travel. It likely has tradeoffs, but so does not sleeping well. If you can already sleep well, I wouldn’t recommend this.
这很有可能 有争议，但我服用低剂量的安眠药（如三分之一 正常剂量）或每当我无法入睡时服用非常低剂量的大麻。 我是 总的来说睡不好，旅行时睡得特别不好。 它可能有权衡， 但睡不好。 如果你 已经可以睡得很好了，我不会推荐这个。
I use a full spectrum LED light most mornings for about 10-15 minutes while I catch up on email. It’s great—if you try nothing else in here, this is the thing I’d try. It’s a ridiculous gain for me. I like this one, and it’s easy to travel with.
我用一个完整的 光谱 LED 灯在大多数早晨大约 10-15 分钟，而我赶上了 电子邮件。 太棒了——如果你在这里什么都不尝试，这就是我想要的 尝试。 这对我来说是一个荒谬的收获。 我喜欢 这个 ，而且很容易带着它去旅行。
Exercise is probably the second most important physical factor. I tried a number of different exercise programs for a few months each and the one that seemed best was lifting heavy weights 3x a week for an hour, and high intensity interval training occasionally. In addition to productivity gains, this is also the exercise program that makes me feel the best overall.
运动是 可能是第二重要的物理因素。 我尝试了一些 几个月的不同锻炼计划和看起来最好的那个 每周举重 3 次，持续一小时，高强度间歇训练 偶尔训练。 除了生产力的提高，这也是 让我感觉最好的锻炼计划。
The third area is nutrition. I very rarely eat breakfast, so I get about 15 hours of fasting most days (except an espresso when I wake up). I know this is contrary to most advice, and I suspect it’s not optimal for most people, but it definitely works well for me.
第三区 是营养。 我很少吃早餐，所以我有大约 15 个小时的 大多数日子禁食（除了我醒来时喝的浓缩咖啡）。 我知道这是相反的 大多数建议，我怀疑这对大多数人来说不是最佳选择，但它 绝对适合我。
Eating lots of sugar is the thing that makes me feel the worst and that I try hardest to avoid. I also try to avoid foods that aggravate my digestion or spike up inflammation (for example, very spicy foods). I don’t have much willpower when it comes to sweet things, so I mostly just try to keep junk food out of the house.
吃很多 糖是让我感觉最糟糕的东西，也是我最努力的东西 避免。 我也尽量避免吃会加重消化或增加消化的食物 炎症（例如，非常辛辣的食物）。 我没有太多的意志力 甜食，所以我基本上只是尽量让垃圾食品远离屋子。
I have one big shot of espresso immediately when I wake up and one after lunch. I assume this is about 200mg total of caffeine per day. I tried a few other configurations; this was the one that worked by far the best. I otherwise aggressively avoid stimulants, but I will have more coffee if I’m super tired and really need to get something done.
我醒来后立即喝一大杯浓缩咖啡，午饭后喝一杯。 我假设这是 每天大约摄入 200 毫克咖啡因。 我 尝试了一些其他配置； 这是迄今为止效果最好的一个。 否则我会积极避免兴奋剂，但如果 我超级累，真的需要完成一些事情。
I’m vegetarian and have been since I was a kid, and I supplement methyl B-12, Omega-3, Iron, and Vitamin D-3. I got to this list with a year or so of quarterly blood tests; it’s worked for me ever since (I re-test maybe every year and a half or so). There are many doctors who will happily work with you on a super comprehensive blood test (and services like WellnessFX). I also go out of my way to drink a lot of protein shakes, which I hate and I wouldn’t do if I weren’t vegetarian.
我是 我从小就是素食主义者，我补充甲基 B-12、Omega-3、铁和维生素 D-3。 我 通过一年左右的季度血液测试进入这份名单； 它对我有用 从那以后（我可能每年半左右重新测试一次）。 有许多 愿意与您一起进行超全面血液检查的医生（以及 等服务 WellnessFX ）。 我也出去 我喝很多蛋白质奶昔的方式，这是我讨厌的，如果我的话我也不会这样做 不是素食主义者。
Other stuff
Other stuff
Here’s what I like in a workspace: natural light, quiet, knowing that I won’t be interrupted if I don’t want to be, long blocks of time, and being comfortable and relaxed (I’ve got a beautiful desk with a couple of 4k monitors on it in my office, but I spend almost all my time on my couch with my laptop).
这就是我 就像在工作区：自然光，安静，知道我不会被打扰 如果我不想，很长一段时间，舒适和放松 （我的办公室里有一张漂亮的桌子，上面有几台 4k 显示器，但是 我几乎所有的时间都花在沙发上和我的笔记本电脑上）。
I wrote custom software for the annoying things I have to do frequently, which is great. I also made an effort to learn to type really fast and the keyboard shortcuts that help with my workflow.
我写自定义 用于我不得不经常做的烦人事情的软件，这很棒。 我也努力学习快速打字和键盘 有助于我的工作流程的快捷方式。
Like most people, I sometimes go through periods of a week or two where I just have no motivation to do anything (I suspect it may have something to do with nutrition). This sucks and always seems to happen at inconvenient times. I have not figured out what to do about it besides wait for the fog to lift, and to trust that eventually it always does. And I generally try to avoid people and situations that put me in bad moods, which is good advice whether you care about productivity or not.
最喜欢 人们，我有时会经历一两周的时间，我只是没有 做任何事的动机（我怀疑这可能与 营养）。 这很糟糕，而且似乎总是在不方便的时候发生 次。 我还没想好怎么办 关于它，除了等待迷雾散去，并相信最终它 总是这样。 我通常会尝试 避免让我心情不好的人和情况，这是个好建议 无论您是否关心生产力。
In general, I think it’s good to overcommit a little bit. I find that I generally get done what I take on, and if I have a little bit too much to do it makes me more efficient at everything, which is a way to train to avoid distractions (a great habit to build!). However, overcommitting a lot is disastrous.
一般来说，我 认为过度投入一点是好的。 我发现我通常会得到 完成了我承担的事情，如果我有太多事情要做，这会让我更有成就感 事事高效，这是一种避免分心的训练方式（一个很好的 养成习惯！）。 然而，过度投入是灾难性的。
Don’t neglect your family and friends for the sake of productivity—that’s a very stupid tradeoff (and very likely a net productivity loss, because you’ll be less happy). Don’t neglect doing things you love or that clear your head either.
不要忽视 你的家人和朋友为了生产力——这是非常愚蠢的 权衡（很可能是净生产力损失，因为你会更少 快乐的）。 不要忽视做你喜欢做的事情或让你头脑清醒的事情 任何一个。
Finally, to repeat one more time: productivity in the wrong direction isn’t worth anything at all. Think more about what to work on.
最后，到 再重复一次：错误方向的生产力毫无价值 根本。 多想想该做什么。